{"id":607,"date":"2026-05-14T04:19:02","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T04:19:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rocketspacevpn.com\/"},"modified":"2026-05-14T06:20:11","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T06:20:11","slug":"l2tp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rocketspacevpn.com\/ar\/post\/l2tp\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 L2TP\u061f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u0639\u062f L2TP (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 (VPNs). \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a RFC 2661\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 UDP \u0631\u0642\u0645 1701 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a IP \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 (PPP)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 - \u0645\u062b\u0644 IP \u0623\u0648 Frame Relay \u0623\u0648 ATM - \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 (LAC) \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (LNS). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d L2TP \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621) \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 L2TP \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 IPsec \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 L2TP\/IPsec\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0642 L2TP \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (IPsec).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 L2TP\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n \n

\n \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 L2TP \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0642 VPN \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 VPN \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f.\n <\/p>\n\n

\n
    \n
  • \n 1<\/span>\n \u0628\u062f\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 (Initiation):<\/strong> \n \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 VPN \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP.\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 2<\/span>\n \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 (Tunnel Establishment):<\/strong> \n \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 L2TP \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 3<\/span>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 IPsec)<\/strong> \n \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 L2TP \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a IPsec \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629.\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 4<\/span>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 (Secure Transit):<\/strong> \n \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 5<\/span>\n \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645:<\/strong> \n \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 VPN \u0628\u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f.\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 L2TP \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 IPsec \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

    \"\u0643\u064a\u0641
    \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 L2TP\u061f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 L2TP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (L2TP) \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 L2TP\/IPsec \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 - \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 Windows \u0648 macOS \u0648 Linux \u0648 Android \u0648 iOS - \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 VPN \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 L2TP \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 PAP \u0648 CHAP \u0648 MS-CHAP \u0648 EAP. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 IPsec\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \n \n \n
    \n

    \n \u25b2<\/span> \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 L2TP\/IPsec\n <\/h2>\n \n
    \n

    \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 IPsec<\/h3>\n

    \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c L2TP \u0645\u0639 IPsec\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/h3>\n

    \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 L2TP \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a VPN \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/h3>\n

    \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 L2TP\/IPsec \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n

    \n

    \n \u25bc<\/span> \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 L2TP\/IPsec\n <\/h2>\n\n
    \n

    \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623<\/h3>\n

    \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 L2TP\/IPsec \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c (double encapsulation)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a (overhead) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 UDP \u0631\u0642\u0645 500 \u06484500\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (ISPs).<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c<\/h3>\n

    \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 L2TP \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c IPsec \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

    \n

    \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 WireGuard \u0648OpenVPN \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n \n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP \u0622\u0645\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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    \n

    \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629: \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (L2TP)<\/h2>\n \n \n
    \n

    \n \u0633:<\/span>\n \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 (Ports) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP\/IPsec\u061f\n <\/h3>\n
    \n

    A: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP\/IPsec \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 UDP \u0631\u0642\u0645 500 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (IKE)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 UDP \u0631\u0642\u0645 4500 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 NAT Traversal\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 UDP \u0631\u0642\u0645 1701 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a L2TP \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n

    \n

    \n \u0633:<\/span>\n \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (MTU)\u061f\n <\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 L2TP\/IPsec \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 L2TP \u0648IPsec\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b (overhead) \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 MTU (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 1400 \u0623\u0648 1280 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n

    \n

    \n \u0633:<\/span>\n \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 L2TP (LAC) \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 L2TP (LNS)\u061f\n <\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 L2TP (LAC) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 LNS. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 L2TP (LNS) \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 L2TP\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a PPP \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n

    \n

    \n \u0633:<\/span>\n \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \"\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b\" (transparent) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u061f\n <\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \"\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\" \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (payload) \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 (session layer). \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 IPsec \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 L2TP.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n

    \n

    \n \u0633:<\/span>\n \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 L2TP \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 IP\u061f\n <\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 L2TP \u0647\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 IP. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a PPP\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 PPP\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L2TP (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 (VPN). \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a RFC 2661\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c OSI\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 UDP 1701 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a IP \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 (PPP)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 - \u0645\u062b\u0644 IP \u0623\u0648 Frame Relay \u0623\u0648 ATM - \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 L2TP (LAC) \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 L2TP (LNS). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d L2TP \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 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